Crosshead design for reciprocating engines



May 15, 1923.

1,455,334 I R. HILDEBRAND I cnossmmn nzzsmu FOR RECIPRQGATING mamas 2 Sheets-Sheet l Filed April 8 May 15, 1923.

R. HILDEBRAND CROSSHEAD DESIGN FOR RECIPROCATING ENGINES 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed April 8, 1919 [N VENTOF? Rem/70rd Hildebrand BY W M 4 T TOR/YE Y5 Patented May 15, 1923.

TO GEORGE n. 'POGUE, or PHILADELPHIA, BENNSYLVANIA.

orgossHEAi) nEsIeN roe auciraooari ie meme.

Application filed April 3,1919. Se-a1 No. "288,618.

Be 'it known that I, "REINH'ARD H'ILDE- B AND,- a resident of Webster Groves. in the county of St.' Louis and State of Missouri, have invented a new and useful Improvement in 'CrossheadDesig'ns for Reciprocating Engines, of whi'chfthe' following is a specification. l

This invention relates "to enginesY-and machines of the type that comprise-a piston connected to a reciprocating cross'head that is operated from a crankshaft,

One object of my present' 'invention is to provide'an engine 'ormachi'ne of the general type referred to which is so'constructed that the piston can be arranged in ap'osition Where it can" beinspected or repaired without disconnecting it fromthe'cross head or dismantling numerous parts-of 'itheun achi ne 'oreligine. structure for' machines and engines "ofthe character referred to that is."inexpens'ive to manufacture, easy to adjustand ofs'uc'h design that equal pressure on thecross head guides is assured atall times, irrespective of the direction of rotation of the crank shaft. 4

Figure 1 of the'drawings is a front elevational view of a portion of an internal combustion engine equipped with a cross head constructed in accordance with my invention.

Figure 2 is a top plan view of Figure 1, taken on the section line 11 of Figure 1, the slide shoesand the guides for said shoes being shown in section and the connecting rod omitted.

Figure 3 is a view, taken at right angles to Figures 1 and 2, illustrating a portion of the cylinder and showing how the piston can be arranged in position to be inspected or repaired by rocking the cross head relatively to the slide shoes that guide the cross head vertically, saidview being taken on approximately the section line 22 of Figures 1 and 2; and Figure 4: is a view similar to Figure 3, showing the upper end portion of the piston projecting into the cylinder. 1

Referring to the drawings which illustrate the preferred form of myinvention, A designates the cross head proper which consists of a substantially square body having two Another objeetis to provide a cross head lwristpins or cross head pinsB, each of which is equipped with a cylindrical extension G. l The connecting rod D, which isv of Listen the forked type, is provided withltwowrist pin bearin s E that surround thecross head pins piston-rod F'which joins the piston V'to the cross head, passes through the cross head,-asshown' in Figures 3 and 4, and is s'ecured'to the cross head by means of a nut H that draw's' a col-larG on the piston rod snugly against the cross head. The

of slide "shoes" li'that reciprocate vertically as shown in Figure 1, and being cross 'head is' guided verticaIlyby means guides "J, said slideshoes being relatively T lon the cros's'head, thereby enabling said shoes toturn anda'djustthemselves relatively to with the guides andhlsopermitting the cross head to-be turned or" oscillated so as to move theplston 'V' out of alignmentwith the cylinder; asshown 'inFi'gure Bwhen it is the cross head 'in' or'der to align properly desired to his ee t'or' repair the .pisto'nlf The l slide shoes 'I are" provided with shims M and keeper strips L, said strips being connected to the shoes by bolts-'N.. After the shoes K can be disconnected from the cross By connecting the cross head to the slide "keeper stripsyLi have been removed the shoes in this manner I obtain equal pressure m per square inch shoe area, whether the crank shaft is running forwardly or rearwardly, and I reduce the cost of manufactue and installation of the cross head structure.

The main advantage of such a structure,

ton can be arranged in such a positionthatit can be inspectedor repaired without dis however, is that when used in connection I connecting the piston from thecross head or' I disassembling the main parts machine or engine, In FiguresB and a, 'O designates the, cylinderin whichthe piston of the Y V slides, P the water jacket that surrounds the cylinder and Q, a removable'e'xtensi'on' on the lower end or" the cylinder 0 that is normally connected to same, as shown Figure 4:, by bolts passing through holes cl in the extension Q and threaded into openings e in the lower end of the cylinder lining, theremovable extension of the cylinder being provided with a drip pan,

' ,fastened to same by means of bolts S.

When: it is desired to inspect or repair the piston V the extension Q at the lower end of the cylinder is disconnected therefrom and slipped downwardly over the piston rod F, as shown in Figure 3, said vextension. Q,

' being retained in position on the'piston rod by means of a split sleeve W and split nut Z-that are applied to-said piston rod and retained in position by means of bolts and Y thatconnectv the two portions of said sleeve and said nut together. The sleeve W fits snugly around the piston rod, with its lower end bearing againstthe collar on nut.

said piston rod, and the nut Z is adjustably mounted on an externally screw-threaded portion of said sleeve, soas to permit the extension (12' to be raised or lowered, or, in other words, moved longitudinally of the piston rod-by rotating the nut Z, said nut being provided witha number of holes f in, which a bar can be inserted-to turn said After the, cylinder extension Q, has been disconnected from the cylinder, dropped downwardly over the piston rod and sustained in position onsaid, piston rod bylmeans of the sleeve W and nut Z, as previously described, ,the (cross-head can, then be turned so as to swing the piston laterally out of alignment withthe cylinder, it, of vcourse, being, understood that the crank of the crank shaft (not shown) is "then, in

its lower dead center'position and'the cross headi's in its lowermost position. Any

preferred means can be used for swinging vthe piston laterally out of or into alignment with the cylinder 0, the means herein illus trated for this purpose consisting of a rope .or cable 6 connected tothe cylinder extension Q and passing over a pulley a attached to some stationary part of the machine,such, for example, as to an eye bolt "on'thef-water jacket of the cylinder. After the piston has been inspected or repaired. it is moved back intovertical alignment with the cylinder,

the nut Z is then turned in a direction to move, the extension Q, upwardly. so as to force a tongue T on the upper end of said extension into an annular groove U inethe lower end of the cylinder, said extension is then secured to the cylinder andthe nut Z,

sleeve VV and cableand pulley are then removed, as shown in Figure 4:. While I have herein illustrated my inventionf'embodied in a machine provided with a vertically moti able cross head, it :will, of course, be un-,

derstood that my invention is applicableto a machine provided with a'cross headthat slides horizontally.

Having thus descrlbed V invention what I claim as new and by LettersfPatent, is;

desire to secure In a machine of the characterdescribed,

a cylinder, an extension at the lower end of said cylinder detachably connected .toxf' same, a piston that operates in saidcylinder,

a reciprocating cross head, apiston'rod that rigidly connects said'crosshead to said piston, parallel guides arranged adjacent the opposite ends of said cross head, slide shoes v in said guides, said crosshead .beingpivotally mounted on said slide shoes, and a removable means mounted on SELlClPlStOIl rod for 

